The outbreak of measles in the United States led to one death and 164 cases, primarily in children. Here’s what you need to know about infectious diseases:
With the outbreak of measles in the United States (USA), parents of young children are generally concerned about viral diseases affecting their children. Known for causing rashes and flu-like symptoms throughout the body, measles is spreading in Texas, USA. So far, school-age children whose age has not been identified have been reported to have died in West Texas. This marks the first measles death in the United States since 2015, when a Washington state woman died from illness.
The current outbreak, which began in late January, has had a serious impact on Gaines County, Texas. As of February 27, 2025, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) has reported a total of 164 measles cases across nine US jurisdictions. The majority of people affected are those under the age of 19.
What is measles?
Measles is a very contagious and serious aerial disease that affects children mostly. The World Health Organization (WHO) highlights it as a contagious disease caused by the measles virus that spreads to respiratory droplets when an infected person coughs or sneezes. It infects the airways and then spreads throughout the body. Measles virus can remain active in the air or on the surface for up to 2 hours. One infected person can spread to around nine of the 10 non-vaccine contacts who have close contact with the virus, according to the WHO.
Measles can cause several complications, including encephalitis (brain swelling), pneumonia, and even death, but it can be prevented through vaccination with measles, mumps and rubella vaccines. There is no specific treatment for the disease, and management usually focuses on reducing symptoms according to the CDC.
Symptoms of measles
People with measles may experience symptoms within 10-14 days of exposure. According to the WHO, a rash that starts on the face and spreads throughout the body is the most common symptom of measles. It could last about 5-6 days before it fades. Some of the common symptoms you may experience during this period include:
- Mild to moderate fever
- snot
- sore throat
- cough
- Red eyes
- rash
- Muscle pain or overall discomfort
Measles can lead to certain complications such as blindness, encephalitis (brain swelling), severe diarrhea, dehydration, severe breathing problems, and ear infections. These complications are dangerous and can lead to death. People over 30, children under 5, and pregnant women should be especially careful during this period.
Is there any treatment for measles?
No, there are no specific antiviral treatments for measles. Managing measles symptoms and taking several precautions can help prevent complications.
- Get plenty of rest to help your body recover.
- Drink plenty of liquids to keep you hydrated.
- Take appropriate medication to reduce fever.
- Vitamin A supplements may reduce the severity of the disease according to the WHO.
- Try drinking warm liquids or honey-like remedies to make your throat cold or sore throat.
- Avoid contact with infected people for at least four days.
- Seek a doctor to avoid serious complications.
Is vaccination available to avoid measles?
There is no cure for measles, but the best way to avoid it is to take the measles-mumpsulvera vaccine. Children need to receive two vaccines, according to health authorities. One is around 9-15 months, and the second is around 15-18 months. Two doses are recommended to boost immunity and prevent development. If you notice any symptoms, consult your doctor immediately to avoid any problems.
